Cervical cancer occurs when cancer cells form in the tissues of the cervix, a part of a woman's reproductive system. While the exact cause is unknown, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the primary risk factors. Symptoms may not appear in the early stages; however, certain tests can help find and diagnose it. When symptoms are present, they can include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain, among other things. Treatment options for cervical cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.